Knowing the Answer
نویسنده
چکیده
How should one understand knowledge-wh ascriptions? That is, how should one understand claims such as ‘‘I know where the car is parked,’’ which feature an interrogative complement? The received view is that knowledge-wh reduces to knowledge that p, where p happens to be the answer to the question Q denoted by the wh-clause. I will argue that knowledge-wh includes the question—to know-wh is to know that p, as the answer to Q. I will then argue that knowledge-that includes a contextually implicit question. I will conclude that knowledge is a question-relative state. Knowing is knowing the answer, and whether one knows the answer depends (in part) on the question.
منابع مشابه
What Determines Initial Feeling of Knowing? Familiarity With Question Terms, Not With the Answer
How do people know whether they have an answer to a question before they actually find it in their memory? We conducted 2 experiments exploring this question, in which Ss were trained on relatively novel 2-digit x 2-digit arithmetic problems (e.g., 23 x 27). Before answering each problem, Ss made a quick feeling of knowing judgment as to whether they could directly retrieve the answer from memo...
متن کاملTo Calculate or Not to Calculate: A Source Activation Confusion Model of Problem Familiarity's Role in Strategy Selection
How do people decide whether to try to retrieve an answer to a problem or to compute the answer by some other means? The authors report 2 experiments showing that this decision is based on problem familiarity rather than on retrievability of some answer (correct or incorrect), even when problem familiarization occurred 24 hr earlier. These effects at the level of the individual problem solver a...
متن کاملInternational Journal of Education & the Arts
Aesthetic knowing may be valuable to educational leadership practice because it links feeling and intuition to procedural information to inform decision-making. Within the large and diverse field of aesthetics, some models apply aesthetic knowing to leadership practice. Scholarly interest in this area emerged in the late 1980’s, and various conceptualizations of aesthetic leadership abound in t...
متن کاملOn the relationship between fuzzy autoepistemic logic and fuzzy modal logics of belief
Autoepistemic logic is an important formalism for nonmonotonic reasoning originally intended to model an ideal rational agent reflecting upon his own beliefs. Fuzzy autoepistemic logic is a generalization of autoepistemic logic that allows to represent an agent’s rational beliefs on gradable propositions. It has recently been shown that, in the same way as autoepistemic logic generalizes answer...
متن کاملRelation Extraction from Community Generated Question-Answer Pairs
● Even largest available knowledge bases are incomplete ● Relation extraction from unstructured data is one way to narrow the gap ● Question-Answer pairs (QnA) are attractive data source for relation extraction, they contain information users are interested in ● Existing approaches are typically based on various syntactic patterns and operate over individual sentences ● However, often an answer...
متن کامل